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South University, Savannah – NSG 5003WEEK 5 QUIZ-90

Which pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps particles moving toward the oropharynx?

Question 1 options:

a) 

Nasal turbinates

b) 

Alveolar macrophages

c) 

Cilia

d) 

Irritant receptors on the nares

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Question 2 (0.5 points)

Stretch receptors and peripheral chemoreceptors send afferent impulses regarding ventilation to which location in the brain?

Question 2 options:

a) 

Pneumotaxic center in the pons

b) 

Apneustic center in the pons

c) 

Dorsal respiratory group (DRG) in the medulla oblongata

d) 

Ventral respiratory group (VRG) in the medulla oblongata

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Question 3 (0.5 points)

If a patient develops acidosis, the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to react in which manner?

Question 3 options:

Shift to the right, causing more oxygen (O2) to be released to the cells

Shift to the left, allowing less oxygen (O2) to be released to the cells

Show no change, allowing the oxygen (O2) concentration to remain stable

Show dramatic fluctuation, allowing the oxygen (O2) concentration to increase

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Question 4 (0.5 points)

How is most carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood transported?

Question 4 options:

Attached to oxygen (O2)

In the form of bicarbonate

Combined with albumin

Dissolved in the plasma

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Question 5 (0.5 points)

The sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles are referred to as which group of muscles?

Question 5 options:

Diaphragmatic muscles

Muscles of expiration

Intercostal muscles

Muscles of inspiration

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Question 6 (0.5 points)

What event is characteristic of the function in Zone I of the lung?

Question 6 options:

Blood flow through the pulmonary capillary bed increases in regular increments.

Alveolar pressure is greater than venous pressure but not greater than arterial pressure.

The capillary bed collapses, and normal blood flow ceases.

Blood flows through Zone I, but it is impeded to a certain extent by alveolar pressure.

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Question 7 (0.5 points)

Hypoventilation that results in the retention of carbon dioxide (CO2) will stimulate which receptors in an attempt to maintain a normal homeostatic state?

Question 7 options:

Irritant receptors

Central chemoreceptors

Peripheral chemoreceptors

Stretch receptors

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Question 8 (0.5 points)

Which pleural abnormality involves a site of pleural rupture that acts as a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing during expiration?

Question 8 options:

Spontaneous pneumothorax 

Tension pneumothorax

Open pneumothorax

Secondary pneumothorax

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Question 9 (0.5 points)

In ARDS, alveoli and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid as a result of which mechanism?

Question 9 options:

Compression on the pores of Kohn, thus preventing collateral ventilation

Increased capillary permeability, which causes alveoli and respiratory bronchioles to fill with fluid

Inactivation of the surfactant and impairment of type II alveolar cells

Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure that forces fluid into the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles

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Question 10 (0.5 points)

Which immunoglobulin may contribute to the pathophysiologic characteristics of asthma?

Question 10 options:

Immunoglobulin A (IgA)

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Immunoglobulin M (IgM)

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Question 11 (0.5 points)

Which statement about the late asthmatic response is true?

Question 11 options:

Norepinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction and mucus secretion.

The release of toxic neuropeptides contributes to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

The release of epinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction and increases capillary permeability.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) initiates the complement cascade and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased capillary permeability.

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Question 12 (0.5 points)