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Complete 8 pages APA formatted article: Port Authorities Should be Retained in the Public Sector. The path to port reform, however, has not been smooth as there have been protests against reforms in the port sector. Yet the need for port reform remains due to several factors. Among these factors, the main contributing factors are the development of the technology of the shipping industry and competition. Technological advances have seen larger and faster ships becoming an integral part of the shipping. Competition has come from the increase in the number of ports by the developmental activities of countries, as they strive to build up their infrastructure. (Ports. Port Reform).

Despite these driving factors, there is opposition to port reform that leads to privatization. The opposition comes from the reluctance on the part of the government to give up its control of the functioning of ports and the resistance from labor. There are differing viewpoints between those who support the privatization of ports and by those who oppose it. Both sides have valid points to support their arguments. In such a situation it needs proper analysis to come to a sound conclusion on the contentious issue of privatization of ports.

Ports came into existence as a means of entry onto land. The next stage in development came about as a result of the trade between different countries. The increasing trade volume was the initial driving force in the evolution of ports. Port reform has now become an urgent requirement even threatening its very existence. There are five factors that have led to this situation. The first is competition from the existing ports. The next is the threat from new ports that are being developed. The third is the possibility of substitutes developing. The next is the growing bargaining power of the port users and finally the emerging bargaining power of the port service providers. These&nbsp.factors impact on all ports irrespective of size.